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Birthday Card Sayings to Welcome a Daughter-in-law Into the Family

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Anniversary of the birth of a person (or an establishment)

A birthday is the anniversary of the nascence of a person, or figuratively of an institution. Birthdays of people are historic in numerous cultures, oft with birthday gifts, altogether cards, a birthday party, or a rite of passage.

Many religions celebrate the birth of their founders or religious figures with special holidays (e.thousand. Christmas, Mawlid, Buddha's Altogether, and Krishna Janmashtami).

There is a distinction betwixt nascenceday and nascencedate: the former, except for Feb 29, occurs each twelvemonth (east.yard. Jan 15), while the latter is the complete date when a person was born (e.g. Jan fifteen, 2001).

Legal conventions

In about legal systems, ane becomes designated every bit an adult on a particular altogether (usually between 12 and 21), and reaching age-specific milestones confers particular rights and responsibilities. At certain ages, ane may get eligible to leave full-fourth dimension pedagogy, get subject to war machine conscription or to enlist in the military, to consent to sexual intercourse, to marry with parental consent, to marry without parental consent, to vote, to run for elected office, to legally buy (or swallow) booze and tobacco products, to purchase lottery tickets, or to obtain a driver'southward licence. The historic period of majority is the age when minors cease to legally be considered children and assume control over their persons, actions, and decisions, thereby terminating the legal command and legal responsibilities of their parents or guardians over and for them. Most countries prepare the age of majority at 18, though information technology varies by jurisdiction.

A ane-twelvemonth-quondam girl playing with her birthday balloons in Bangladesh

Cultural conventions

A 90th birthday celebration at habitation

Many cultures have one or more coming of historic period birthdays:

  • In Canada and the United states, families oftentimes marker a girl's 16th altogether with a "sweet 16" celebration – ofttimes represented in popular culture.
  • In some Hispanic countries, also as in Portuguese-speaking Brazil, the quinceañera (Spanish) or festa de quinze anos (Portuguese) commemoration traditionally marks a daughter'south 15th altogether.[ane]
  • In Nepal and Bharat, on a child'due south first birthday, their head is shaved while being held by a special burn down. Removal of the pilus is believed to cleanse the child of whatever evil in past lives, and symbolizes a renewal of the soul.[2] Hindu male children of some castes, like Brahmins, have the 12th or 13th birthday replaced with a m "thread ceremony". The kid takes a blessed thread and wears it, symbolizing his coming of age. This is called the Upanayana.[3]
  • In the Philippines, a coming-of-age party called a debut is held for girls on their 18th altogether, and for boys on their 21st altogether.
  • In some Asian countries that follow the zodiac calendar, in that location is a tradition of jubilant the 60th altogether.
  • In Korea, many celebrate a traditional ceremony of Baek-il (Banquet for the 100th 24-hour interval) and Doljanchi (kid's first birthday).
  • In Japan there is a Coming of Age Day, for all of those who accept turned xx years of age.
  • In British Commonwealth nations cards from the Royal Family are sent to those celebrating their 100th and 105th birthday and every twelvemonth thereafter.[4]
  • In Ghana, on their birthday, children wake upwardly to a special treat called "oto" which is a patty made from mashed sweet potato and eggs fried in palm oil. Later they take a altogether party where they usually eat stew and rice and a dish known as "kelewele", which is fried plantain chunks.[ citation needed ]
  • Jewish boys accept a bar mitzvah on their 13th birthday. Jewish girls have a bat mitzvah on their 12th birthday, or sometimes on their 13th birthday in Reform and Conservative Judaism. This marks the transition where they get obligated in commandments from which they were previously exempted and are counted as part of the community.[five]

The birthdays of historically significant people, such as national heroes or founders, are often commemorated by an official holiday marking the anniversary of their nascency.

  • Cosmic saints are remembered past a liturgical banquet on the ceremony of their "nascence" into heaven a.m.a. their day of death. The ancient Romans marked the anniversary of a temple dedication or other founding issue as a dies natalis, a term still sometimes applied to the ceremony of an institution (such as a university).

An individual'southward Beddian altogether, named in tribute to fire-eater Bobby Beddia,[6] occurs during the year that their historic period matches the last two digits of the year they were born.[7]

In many cultures and jurisdictions, if a person'due south real birthday is not known (for example, if they are an orphan), then their altogether may exist adopted or assigned to a specific day of the twelvemonth, such every bit January i.[8] The altogether of Jesus is celebrated at Christmas. Racehorses are reckoned to become one year sometime in the year following their nascence on the first of January in the Northern Hemisphere and the commencement of August in the Southern Hemisphere.

Traditions

Child with Snow White cake, circa 1910–1940.

A Korean child's birthday political party at home

A voicemail from a child wishing his mother a happy birthday

In many parts of the earth,[ vague ] an private's birthday is celebrated by a party where a specially made cake, usually decorated with lettering and the person'southward age, is presented. The cake is traditionally studded with the same number of lit candles as the age of the private, or a number candle representing their age. The celebrated private will ordinarily make a silent wish and attempt to accident out the candles in one jiff; if successful, a tradition holds that the wish will be granted. In many cultures, the wish must be kept secret or it won't "come true". Presents are bestowed on the individual by the guests advisable to their age. Other altogether activities may include amusement (sometimes by a hired professional, i.e. a clown, magician, or musician), and a special toast or voice communication by the birthday celebrant. The terminal stanza of Patty Hill'southward and Mildred Hill's famous song, "Proficient Morning to You" (unofficially titled "Happy Birthday to You") is typically sung by the guests at some point in the proceedings. In some countries a piñata takes the place of a cake.

Proper name days

In some historically Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox countries,[a] information technology is mutual to have a 'name mean solar day', otherwise known as a 'Saint's day'. It is historic in much the same way as a birthday, but information technology is held on the official 24-hour interval of a saint with the aforementioned Christian proper noun as the birthday person; the difference being that i may look upwards a person'south name twenty-four hour period in a calendar, or easily call up common proper noun days (for example, John or Mary); nonetheless in pious traditions, the two were frequently made to hold by giving a newborn the name of a saint historic on its birthday, or maybe the name of a banquet, for example, Noel or Pascal (French for Christmas and "of Easter"); as another example, Togliatti was given Palmiro as his first name because he was born on Palm Sunday.

Official birthdays

Colored lanterns at the Lotus Lantern Festival in Seoul, South Korea, jubilant the anniversary of the Buddha's birthday

Some notables, particularly monarchs, accept an official altogether on a stock-still solar day of the twelvemonth, which may not necessarily lucifer the mean solar day of their birth, only on which celebrations are held. Examples are:

  • Jesus Christ's traditional birthday is celebrated as Christmas Eve or Christmas Day around the world, on Dec 24 or 25, respectively. Every bit some Eastern churches utilize the Julian calendar, December 25 will autumn on January 7 in the Gregorian calendar. These dates are traditional and have no connection with the actual birthday appointment of Jesus, which is non recorded in the Gospels.
  • Similarly, the birthdays of the Virgin Mary and John the Baptist are liturgically celebrated on September eight and June 24, specially in the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions (although for those Eastern Orthodox churches using the Julian agenda the respective Gregorian dates are September 21 and July seven respectively). As with Christmas, the dates of these celebrations are traditional and probably take no connection with the actual birthdays of these individuals.
  • The Queen's Official Altogether in Australia, Fiji, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.
  • The Grand Duke's Official Birthday in Luxembourg is typically celebrated on June 23. This is different from the monarch's bodily engagement of nascence, which is on April 16.
  • Koninginnedag in the Kingdom of kingdom of the netherlands was typically celebrated on Apr xxx. Queen Beatrix stock-still it at the birthday of her female parent, the previous queen, to avert the winter atmospheric condition associated with her own birthday in Jan. The present monarch'southward birthday is 27 Apr, and is too historic on that day and has replaced the 30th of April commemoration of Koninginnedag.
  • The previous Japanese Emperor Showa (Hirohito)'s birthday was Apr 29. After his decease, the holiday was kept equally "Showa no How-do-you-do", or "Showa Solar day". This holiday falls shut to Golden Calendar week, the week in late Apr and early on May.
  • Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-Il's birthdays are historic in Democratic people's republic of korea as a national vacation.
  • Washington'southward Altogether, commonly referred to as Presidents' Day, is a federal holiday in the Usa that celebrates the birthday of George Washington. President Washington's birthday is observed on the third Monday of February each year. However, his actual birth engagement was either February 11 (Old Manner), or Feb 22 (New Mode).
  • In India, every year October 2 which marks the Birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, is declared as a holiday. All the liquor shops are closed across the land in award of Gandhi not consuming liquor.
  • Martin Luther King Jr. 24-hour interval is a federal holiday in the United States mark the altogether of Martin Luther King Jr. It is observed on the third Monday of January each year, which is around the time of King's birthday, January 15.
  • Mawlid is the official birthday of Muhammad and is historic on the 12th or 17th day of Rabi' al-awwal past adherents of Sunni and Shia Islam respectively. These are the ii most commonly accustomed dates of nascence of Muhammad.

Distribution through the year

Interactive rut map of the nascency ratio of each twenty-four hour period of the yr to the average in the Us, and England and Wales

A altogether cake for an 18th birthday

Some restaurants place a altogether candle on the dessert of a birthday customer'southward pick

A young child preparing to extinguish the candle of his start birthday – 1983

Birthdays are fairly evenly distributed through the year, with some seasonal effects.[9] [10]

In the United States, there tend to be more births in September and October.[eleven] This may exist considering there is a holiday season nine months before (the human gestation period is about nine months), or because the longest nights of the twelvemonth also occur in the Northern Hemisphere nine months before. Still, information technology appears the holidays accept more of an issue on birth rates than the winter: New Zealand, a Southern Hemisphere country, has the same September and October tiptop with no corresponding height in March and April.[12] The least common birthdays tend to autumn effectually public holidays, such every bit Christmas, New year'south Twenty-four hours and fixed-date holidays such as July four in the US.

In the United States between 1973 and 1999, September 16 is the nearly mutual birthday in the United States and December 25 the to the lowest degree common birthday (other than February 29, because of jump years).[13] In 2011, October 5 and vi were reported as the nearly often occurring birthdays.[14]

In New Zealand, the most common birthday is September 29, and the least common birthday is December 25. The ten most common birthdays all autumn within a thirteen-24-hour interval menses, between September 22 and Oct 4. The ten least common birthdays (other than February 29) are December 24–27, January 1–two, February vi, March 22, April 1 and April 25. This is based on all live births registered in New Zealand between 1980 and 2017.[12]

Positive and negative associations with culturally significant dates may influence birth rates. The report shows a v.three% subtract in spontaneous births and a 16.9% decrease in Caesarean births on Halloween, compared to dates occurring within one week before and one week subsequently the Oct holiday. In contrast, on Valentine's Twenty-four hours in that location is a 3.6% increment in spontaneous births and a 12.1% increase in Caesarean births.[15]

In Sweden 9.three% of the population is born in March and 7.3% in November when a uniform distribution would requite eight.3%.[16]

Leap mean solar day

In the Gregorian agenda (a common solar calendar), February in a leap year has 29 days instead of the usual 28, so the year lasts 366 days instead of the usual 365.

A person born on February 29 may be called a "leapling" or a "leaper".[17] In common years, they usually celebrate their birthdays on February 28. In some situations, March ane is used equally the birthday in a non-spring year since it is the day following February 28.

Technically, a leapling will have fewer birthday anniversaries than their age in years. This phenomenon is exploited when a person claims to exist just a quarter of their bodily age, by counting their leap-year birthday anniversaries but. In Gilbert and Sullivan's 1879 comic opera The Pirates of Penzance, Frederic the pirate amateur discovers that he is bound to serve the pirates until his 21st birthday rather than until his 21st year. For legal purposes, legal birthdays depend on how local laws count time intervals.

By religion

Buddhism (Mahayana)

Many monasteries celebrate the ceremony of Buddha'south birth, usually in a highly formal, ritualized style. They treat Buddha's statue as if it was Buddha himself, as if he were alive; bathing, and "feeding" him.[18]

Christianity

Early centuries

Origen in his commentary "On Levites" writes that Christians should non only refrain from celebrating their birthdays, but should look on them with cloy.[19]

Medieval

Ordinary folk historic their saint's day (the saint they were named later), merely nobility celebrated the anniversary of their birth.[ citation needed ] The "Squire's Tale", 1 of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, opens as King Cambuskan proclaims a feast to celebrate his altogether.[20]

Modernistic

While well-nigh all Christians accept the practice today, Jehovah's Witnesses and some Sacred Name groups refrain from celebrating birthdays due to the custom's heathen origins, its connections to magic and superstitions. While Christmas is the commemoration of Christ'due south Birth, some religious groups encounter information technology as being portrayed in a negative calorie-free.[21] [22] [23]

Orthodox Christianity in addition to birthdays, also celebrate the name day of a person.

Hinduism

Hindus gloat the birth anniversary day every year when the twenty-four hour period that corresponds to lunar month or solar month (Sun Signs Nirayana System – Sourava Mana Masa) of nascency and has the same asterism (Star/Nakshatra) as that of the appointment of birth. That age is reckoned whenever Janma Nakshatra of the same calendar month passes.

Hindus regard death to exist more cheering than birth since the person is liberated from the bondages of fabric society. Also, traditionally, rituals & prayers for the departed are observed on 5th and 11th solar day with many relatives gathering.

Islam

Some Muslims especially from the Salafi school of thought[24] oppose the celebration of a birthday as a sin, as it is considered an "innovation" of the religion, or bi'dah, while other clerics have issued statements saying that the celebration of a altogether is permissible.[25] [26]

Some Muslims migrating to the The states adopt the custom of celebrating birthdays, specially for children, only others resist.[27]

There is also a great bargain of controversy regarding celebrating Mawlid (the anniversary of the birth of Muhammad). While a department of Islam strongly favours it,[28] others decry such celebrations, terming them as out of the telescopic of Islam.[29]

Judaism

In Judaism, the perspective on altogether celebrations is disputed by diverse rabbis, although today it is accustomed practice by most of the faithful.[30] In the Hebrew Bible, the one unmarried mention of a celebration existence held in commemoration of someone's day of birth is for the Egyptian Pharaoh which is recorded in Genesis 40:20.[31] Rabbi Moshe Feinstein always acknowledged birthdays.[32] The Lubavitcher Rebbe encouraged people to celebrate their birthdays, past gathering friends, making positive resolutions, and through various religious observances.[33] According to Rabbi Yissocher Frand, the ceremony of a person'due south birth is a special day for that person's prayers to be accepted.[34]

The bar mitzvah of xiii-year-former Jewish boys, or bat mitzvah for 12-yr-old Jewish girls, is perhaps the only Jewish celebration undertaken in what is often perceived to be in coalition[ clarification needed ] with a altogether. Despite modern celebrations where the secular "birthday" element ofttimes overshadows the essence of it as a religious rite, the essence of a bar mitzvah or bat mitzvah celebration is entirely religious in origin (i.e. the attainment of religious maturity according to Jewish constabulary), however, and not secular. With or without the birthday celebration, the child nevertheless becomes a bar mitzvah or bat mitzvah, and the commemoration may be on that mean solar day or any date after it.

Sikhism

Sikhs celebrate the anniversary of the birth of Guru Nanak.

By region

Aboriginal Persia

According to Herodotus (5th century BC), of all the days in the twelvemonth, the one which the Persians celebrate most is their birthday. It was customary to have the board furnished on that 24-hour interval with an ampler supply than common: the richer people eat wholly baked cow, horse, camel, or donkey (Greek: ὄνον), while the poorer classes utilize instead the smaller kinds of cattle.[35] [36]

Ancient Rome

The Romans enthusiastically celebrated birthdays with hedonistic parties and generous presents.[37]

China

Chinese altogether traditions reflect the culture'due south deep-seated focus on longevity and wordplay. From the homophony between 酒 ("rice wine") and 久 (pregnant "long" in the sense of fourth dimension passing), osmanthus and other rice wines are traditional gifts for birthdays in China. Celebrating birthday (Chinese:祝壽) for elderly became popular starting from the Zhou dynasty (c.1046 BC).[38]

Longevity noodles are another traditional food consumed on the day,[39] although western-style altogether cakes are increasingly common among urban Chinese.

Japan

The Japanese really started jubilant birthdays later on WWII based on Western influences.[ citation needed ] Children's birthday parties are the well-nigh important, with a cake, candles, and singing. Adults volition frequently just gloat with their partner.

North Korea

In Democratic people's republic of korea, people practice not celebrate birthdays on July 8 and December 17 because these were the dates of the deaths of Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il, respectively. More 100,000 N Koreans celebrate displaced birthdays on July 9 and Dec eighteen to avert these dates. A person born on July 8 before 1994 may change their birthday, with official recognition.[forty] Kim Il-sung's altogether, Twenty-four hours of the Sunday, is the most of import public holiday of the country,[41] and Kim Jong-il'southward birthday is celebrated as Day of the Shining Star.[42]

Republic of korea

The beginning of life is heavily celebrated in Republic of korea. A child'due south first birthday is a momentous occasion. Likewise, an babe in Due south Korea is considered 1 year old. This is considering Jan ane is considered the birthday of every Korean person (see too East Asian age reckoning).[43]

See likewise

  • Various birthdays are mentioned on the pages devoted to each day of the twelvemonth, from January one to December 31, see List of days of the year
  • Birthday trouble
  • Altogether attack
  • Half-birthday
  • Death ceremony/Yahrzeit
  • Unbirthday
  • Sashtiabdhapoorthi
  • Birthstones

References

  1. ^ Quinceañeras – Hispanic Culture. Bellaonline.com. Retrieved on 2013-01-01.
  2. ^ Birthday traditions Archived 2013-05-24 at the Wayback Auto. happy-birthday-wishes.eu
  3. ^ Sacred Thread Ceremony Archived 2009-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. hinduyuva.org (2006)
  4. ^ Queen and anniversary letters. Imperial.gov.great britain. Retrieved on 2013-01-01. Archived February xv, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Rabbi Shraga (2000-01-17) ABC'south of Bar/Bat Mitzvah. Aish.com. Retrieved on 1 Jan 2013.
  6. ^ A Fireman'south Theorem. Newyorker.com. Retrieved on 2014-12-27.
  7. ^ Beddian Theory. Dustbury.com. Retrieved on 2014-12-27.
  8. ^ On New year'due south Day, wish a 'Happy Birthday' to 202,000 refugees. syracuse.com. Retrieved on 2013-01-01.
  9. ^ Tater, Ron. "An Analysis of the Distribution of Birthdays in a Agenda Twelvemonth". Retrieved 2011-12-27 .
  10. ^ Mathers, C D; R S Harris (1983). "Seasonal Distribution of Births in Australia". International Journal of Epidemiology. 12 (3): 326–331. doi:10.1093/ije/12.iii.326. PMID 6629621.
  11. ^ "Anybirthday.com Birthdate Search". American Automatic Systems. Archived from the original on 20 October 2009. Retrieved 1 October 2009. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  12. ^ a b "Almost common birthday in New Zealand". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  13. ^ "How Common Is Your Birthday?". The New York Times. 2006-12-19.
  14. ^ Christina Ng (2011-10-05) Oct. 5: America'south Most Mutual Birthday ABC News
  15. ^ Greenwood, Michael. (2011-x-x) Halloween, Valentine's Day Institute to Influence Birth Timing Archived 2013-06-09 at the Wayback Automobile. Publichealth.yale.edu. Retrieved on 2013-01-01.
  16. ^ Swedish statistics board
  17. ^ Hall, C. (February 29, 2008), "Bound Twelvemonth Babies Hop Through Hoops of Joy, Pain of Novelty Altogether", Detroit Gratuitous Press
  18. ^ Sarah J. Horton (2007) Living Buddhist statues in early medieval and modern Nippon, Palgrave Macmillan ISBN 1403964203 p. 24
  19. ^ John Bugge (1975) Early on Christians," notes The Earth Volume Encyclopedia, "considered the celebration of anyone's nascency to be a heathen custom." The ancient Greeks, for instance, believed that each person had a protective spirit that attended the person'southward birth and thereafter watched over him. That spirit "had a mystic relation with the god on whose altogether the individual was born," says the book The Lore of Birthdays. Birthdays besides accept a long-standing and an intimate link with star divination and the horoscope. eleven Besides rejecting birthday customs on business relationship of pagan and spiritistic roots, God'due south servants of sometime likely rejected them on principle every bit well. Why? These were humble, modest men and women who did non view their arrival in the globe every bit and then important that it should be historic. (Micah 6:8; Luke 9:48) Rather, they glorified Jehovah and thanked him for the precious gift of life.—Psalm eight:3, iv; 36:ix; Revelation 4:11. Virginitas: an essay in the history of a medieval ideal, Springer ISBN 9024716950, p. 69
  20. ^ Margaret Hallissy (1995) A Companion to Chaucer'south Canterbury Tales, Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 0313291896, p. 300
  21. ^ Awake! July viii, 2004, p. xxx "Religions refrain from whatever celebrations or community that continue to involve faux religious behavior or activities that violate their principles. For instance, their views definitely put birthday celebrations in a bad light."
  22. ^ The World Volume Encyclopedia: Vol. 3, p. 416
  23. ^ Are Altogether Celebrations Christian?. Thercg.org. Retrieved on 2013-01-01.
  24. ^ Nahid Kabir Young American Muslims: Dynamics of Identity Edinburgh University Printing 2012 ISBN 978-0-748-66996-7 page 45
  25. ^ Birthday parties | IslamToday – English Archived 2012-06-28 at the Wayback Machine. En.islamtoday.internet. Retrieved on 2013-01-01.
  26. ^ Souhail Karam (2008-08-31). "Birthday parties confronting Islam says top Saudi cleric". Reuters. Retrieved 2011-07-06 .
  27. ^ Mona H. Faragallah, Walter R. Schumm and Farrell J. Webb (1997). "Acculturation of Arab-American Immigrants: An Exploratory Report". Journal of Comparative Family unit Studies. 28 (3): 182–203. JSTOR 41603515.
  28. ^ Imam Jalaluddin al-Suyuti Celebrating Eid-e-Milad-united nations-Nabi. (PDF). Nooremadinah.internet. Retrieved on 2013-01-01.
  29. ^ Salman Mohammed (2011-02-06) Milad un Nabi or Prophet Birthday : Celebrate or Non?. Systemoflife.com Article. Retrieved on 2013-01-01.
  30. ^ Reb Chaim HaQoton: Happy Birthday! April 17, 2007
  31. ^ "Birthday in Torah". Simply Asked. GatewaysOnline.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-18. Retrieved 2009-03-26 .
  32. ^ Zvi (Far Rockaway) (2010-05-13). "Birthdays". Flatbush Jewish Journal. Archived from the original on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2015-06-18 .
  33. ^ Chabad.org. "The Jewish Birthday".
  34. ^ Rechel Weingarten (2010-05-13). "Birthday Celebrations". Flatbush Jewish Periodical. Archived from the original on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2015-06-18 .
  35. ^ electricpulp.com. "HERODOTUS iii. DEFINING THE PERSIANS – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org . Retrieved 21 Nov 2017.
  36. ^ "Internet History Sourcebooks". legacy.fordham.edu. Archived from the original on 2015-11-29. Retrieved 2017-12-ten .
  37. ^ Kathryn Argetsinger (1992). "Birthday Rituals: Friends and Patrons in Roman Poetry and Cult". Classical Antiquity. xi (2): 175–193. doi:x.2307/25010971. JSTOR 25010971.
  38. ^ https://read01.com/4PDoGL.html 周朝之後，無論是宮廷還是民間，都會在長輩生日時，置辦禮品表示祝賀。 After/In the Zhou Dynasty, both the court and the people would purchase gifts to congratulate the elders on their birthdays.
  39. ^ Li Xiaoxiang. Origins of Chinese People and Customs (2004) p. 101. Asiapac Books (Singapore). ISBN 9812293841.
  40. ^ Ju Seongha (2011-12-30) 北 김정은 시대 北 12월 17일生 사라진다. news.donga.com
  41. ^ MacLeod, Calum (26 April 2013). "Korean defectors call back 'Twenty-four hour period of the Sun'". U.s.a. Today. Contributing: Jueyoung Song, Duck Hwa Hong. Retrieved vi April 2015.
  42. ^ Neville, Tim (15 February 2015). "Happy altogether? Due north Korea celebrates Kim Jong Il'due south legacy". CNN . Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  43. ^ "The Unique Historic period Counting System of Korea 상세보기|Citizen JournalistsEmbassy of the Republic of korea to Norway". overseas.mofa.get.kr . Retrieved 2021-eleven-25 .

Notes

  1. ^ Examples include Italia, Kingdom of spain, France, parts of Deutschland, Poland, Russian federation, Romania, Republic of bulgaria, Serbia, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Hellenic republic, Republic of lithuania, Latvia, and throughout Latin America.

External links

  • What's your number?, by Population Action International
  • What's your number?, by the BBC

blountgoome1995.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday

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